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DESCRIPTION OF A CELL CROSS-SECTION |
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Negative grids-
These support the active material.
Positive grids of plugs-
These supports the active positive material.
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These furnish electrical conductivity.
Casting (negative grates) of die-casting (positive grids) makes them.
Lead alloys. The composition of these alloys determines or influences
important electrical characters of the battery, including charge
retention and operating life in cycles.
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Negative active material-
Spongy lead.
Positive active material-
Lead dioxide (low antimony).
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The positive and negative materials consist of a mixture of lead oxides
and diluted sulfuric acid which, undergoing a “formation” process powered
by electricity, transforms these lead oxides into spongy lead and dioxide.
Various other ingredients must be added to the sulfuric acid and oxide mix.
These, in particular for the negative plate, are key factors in improving
battery performance and operating life.
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Group of negative plates
Group of positive plates
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These are groups of positive and negative plates that are connected together
in function of the electrical characteristics (capacities) that are desired.
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Envelope separators
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This is a special separation that warps around
the positive plate to make sure no short circuiting can take
place during the life of the battery and to facilitate homogeneous
electrolyte circulation, especially in the vertical direction.
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Container
Cover
Terminal poles
Splash guard
Plug
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The are made of microprobes materials to ensure minimum electrical resistance.
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DEFINITION OF STORAGE CELL |
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Grid: |
Made by casting, supports positive of negative active material.
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Active material: |
Main site of the electrochemical reactions that are basis of battery operation.
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Separators: |
Polyethylene. |
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Electrolyte: |
A Solution of H2S04 and H2o required for the electrochemical Pb H2S04 reaction.
This solution is composed of about 25 parts of H2S04 and 75 parts of H2o and,
when speaking of its volume, this solution is generally called the "battery acid".
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Active material: |
Main site of the electrochemical reactions that are basis of battery operation.
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Vessel: |
The synthetic resin container with good size stability and good resistance to shocks and vibrations.
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Wedge: |
Formed of plastic and creating a support that lifts the electrodes of the bottom, preventing short circuits.
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Splash guard: |
Made of perforated PVC and functioning to break up hydrogen of the separators
and the positive and negative plats. This is the reference mark for electrolyte
level and also indicates, when it becomes misshapen, that the battery has been overcharged.
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Cover: |
Made of special material, designed to withstand plate expansion and naturally
shaped to clearly evidence any accidental leakage of electrolyte.
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Plugs: |
Normal plugs permit inspection of the inside of the cell to check the state of the cell
and the electrolyte level. Automatic topping-up plugs permit precision monitoring of
the electrolyte level and have a slot for natural exit of gases generated during charging.
This slot can be closed for conveying gases to special channel.
It has a red marker to indicate the electrolyte level in the cell.
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